[Editor's note] Learn century-old Party history and know the history of the Red school。To celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Party，To promote the majority of Party members, cadres and teachers to carry out in-depth study and education of Party history，Beijing Institute of Technology Party Committee propaganda department carefully planned，Organizational strength，Focus on teachers, students and alumni who have made important contributions to the cause of the Party and the country，Launched the "Footprints" series of special reports，By learning from the role models around you，Guide teachers and students to learn history to understand the reason, learn history to increase credibility, learn Shi Chongde, learn history to practice。

This issue publishes a special report by Li Qiang, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (elected member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, renamed Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1993), radio expert and former president of the Academy of Natural Sciences (predecessor of the Beijing Institute of Technology)。Comrade Li Qiang is a long-tested communist fighter, proletarian revolutionary, scientist and economic expert, and a pioneer in China's foreign trade and economic undertakings。As the fourth president of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Beijing Institute of Technology in Yan 'an, he made outstanding contributions to the construction of the university, and continued to care about and support the development of the university after the reform and opening up。

Li Qiang (1905-1996) was born in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province。Zeng Peihong, styled Yufan, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (elected member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955, renamed Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1993), radio expert, economic expert, adviser to The State Council, former Minister of Foreign Trade, former member of the Central Advisory Committee。He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925。In February 1926, he was appointed secretary of Shanghai Pudong Ministry of the Communist Youth League。In May 1927, the Special Section of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China was established in Wuhan, and in July of the same year, Li Qiang was appointed chief of the Transportation Section。In 1944, he became president of the Academy of Natural Sciences, the predecessor of Beijing Institute of Technology。He served as the director of the General Administration of Telecommunications of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the first director of the Broadcasting Bureau of the General Administration of Information, and the Minister of Foreign Trade。Member of the 9th to 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, specially invited delegate to the 13th and 14th Congress of the Communist Party of China, and delegate to the 3rd to 5th National People's Congress。

In the history of the Communist Party of China, in the course of the construction of new China, there was once such a legendary figure。He came from a large and prosperous family，But full of ambition，Inspirational to save the country;He went from being a scholar to a professional revolutionary，Joining the Central Teck in the party's hour of need，Developed the first secret radio transmitter in the history of the Communist Party of China，Establish covert communication channels for the Party;He invented the famous radio "Li Qiang formula";He is the founder of new China's broadcasting industry;He has witnessed several important events in history，He has served as the director of the Military Industry Bureau, the Minister of Foreign Trade, the adviser to The State Council, and the deputy to the National People's Congress，He is also a member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (renamed Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1993).，He has made indelible contributions to the development of the cause of the Party and the country。

He was Li Qiang, the fourth president of the Academy of Natural Sciences, the predecessor of the Beijing Institute of Technology。

To join the revolution, from young students to communists

Li Qiang in his youth

Li Qiang (formerly known as Zeng Peihong, word Yufan) was born in a scholarly family in Changshu, Jiangsu Province. His grandfather was a scholar and his father was a scholar。Li Qiang received a good private education from childhood。In 1919, Li Qiang graduated from primary school, coincided with the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement, in order to let Li Qiang get a better education, his father sent him to Hangzhou, where he studied in a private Zongwen middle school。

Under the impact of the tide of The Times, Li Qiang came into contact with progressive publications such as New Youth earlier, and his thoughts also became positive and progressive。Since then, due to opposition to the old etiquette, Li Qiang was expelled from Zongwen Middle School, transferred to Shanghai Nanyang Road Mining School attached to the middle school to continue his studies, and then entered the college to study earth and wood。Nanyang Road Mining School is a school with strong modern atmosphere and respect for students' ideological liberation。Here Li Qiang like a fish in water, study hard, received a good science and engineering education, because most of the courses are taught in English, but also laid a solid English foundation for Li Qiang。More importantly, Li Qiang received the enlightenment education of the national revolution here, and his ambition began to shift to politics and political parties, and gradually embarked on the road of revolution。

In May 1924, Li Qiang joined the Kuomintang through the introduction of Ye Chuang, a Chinese teacher of Nanyang Road and Mining School, an executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee and a person in charge of the Shanghai Executive Department。In March 1925, Dr. Sun Yat-sen died of illness, and memorial activities were held all over the country。In Shanghai, the right wing of the Kuomintang blatantly abandoned the three major policies established by Sun Yat-sen, namely "alliance with Russia, union with the Communist Party, and assistance to the peasants and workers", and went so far as to make an unreasonable disturbance at the memorial service for Mr. Sun Yat-sen and openly make trouble from it。This also made Li Qiang gradually recognize the true face of the Kuomintang rightists, and he distanced himself from his teacher Ye Chu, a rightist of the Kuomintang, and finally broke with him. Ye Chu published a newspaper announcing that Li Qiang would be expelled from the Kuomintang。

The May 30th Movement broke out

In 1925, during the May Thirtieth Movement, Li Qiang embarked on the revolutionary road under the leadership of Yun Daiying and other Communist Party members, becoming a professional revolutionary under the leadership of the Communist Party of China。As a representative of the Nanyang Road and Mining School, he participated in the activities of the Shanghai Students' Federation and was elected as an executive member and a member of the Military Committee。In June, Li Qiang joined the Communist Youth League and was sent to Caojiadu by He Chang, secretary of the Shanghai Local Committee of the Communist Youth League, to engage in the youth workers' movement。在亲身参与了声势浩大的学生运动和工人运动之后，李强清醒地认识到，只有中国共产党才能救中国。In August 1925, through the introduction of Chen Zhushan, secretary of Caojiadu Branch, Li Qiang, who was less than 20 years old, was converted from a member of the Communist Youth League to a member of the Communist Party of China, becoming a member of the Party organization with only thousands of members at that time。

Since then, Li Qiang has served as the secretary of Shanghai Caojiadu, Pudong, Wusong Youth League ministries。Under the initiative of Li Qiang and other cadres, by the end of 1925, Caojiadu had 1,200 Communist Youth League members。From a scholar to a professional revolutionary, Li Qiang felt an unprecedented sense of responsibility and passion。

In February 1926, Li Qiang was sent by the CPC Jiangzhe District Committee to return to his hometown to develop the party organization, set up the special branch of the CPC Changshu and served as the branch secretary。At this time, Li Qiang accepted a "special task" - to prepare weapons and ammunition for the armed uprising。Li Qiang bought carbolic acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid and other raw materials to make yellow explosive, and also bought grenades。In March 1927, the third armed uprising in Shanghai led by the Party was successful。Although Li Qiang did not directly participate in the uprising, the explosives, initiators and grenades he tried to produce before the uprising were all used, and this was the first "scientific research results" he handed over for the Party.。

Self-taught, radio expert for the party

In 1927, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup d 'etat, and the Communist Party of China suffered heavy losses。Under the White Terror, the Party organization was all turned into a secret state, and Li Qiang also began to work on the secret front in the Central Special Department for four years。

In November 1927, after the Party Central Committee moved from Wuhan to Shanghai, it could be attacked and destroyed by the enemy at any time。At that time, Zhou Enlai, as an important leader of the Party, formally proposed the establishment of the Central Special Branch, considering that Li Qiang had developed explosives and had more contacts with people from all sides, Zhou Enlai transferred Li Qiang to Special Branch。In Wuhan, Li Qiang served as the chief of the fourth special section of the Central Military Commission (Secret Service Unit)。After the central leadership of the Communist Party of China moved to Shanghai, Li Qiang also arrived in Shanghai with Teco。At the end of 1929, the Central Special Department set up four departments, namely the Transportation and Communication Department, which was in charge of Li Qiang. The main task was to be responsible for the radio contact between the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and party organizations around the country, which also opened another "legendary career" of Li Qiang.。

The book "Sending rhomboid antenna" by Li Qiang

In 1928, the Party Central Committee decided to establish radio communication facilities in Shanghai, and the task of developing a radio receiver and transmitter was entrusted to Li Qiang。Although Li Qiang has been to college, he knows nothing about radio。At this time, the Kuomintang reactionaries had very strict control over radio equipment, and there were few relevant books and materials。This made Li Qiang feel embarrassed。With the encouragement of Zhou Enlai, Li Qiang was determined to learn while working, and went all out to complete the tasks assigned by the Party Central Committee。

Immediately, Li Qiang began to learn radio technology from scratch, he bought a lot of English books, with a solid mathematical foundation and English skills, systematic self-study。Through study, Li Qiang believes that only relying on book knowledge far, do not see the receiver and transmitter physical, do not personally operate, is far from enough。So, he secretly went to Shanghai specializing in the production of large receiver and transmitter Dahua instrument company secretly learn, try to get the product out, slowly touch the door。When he began to make the equipment, important parts were difficult to buy, so Li Qiang used foreign firms to order and pick up goods。In addition, Li Qiang also learned to wind coils and make homemade radio parts。

After more than a year's hard work, Li Qiang's radio station was finally developed。By copying the international news and weather forecast of the Kuomintang radio station and communicating with amateur radio stations around the world, the result proved that the radio station made by Li Qiang fully met the requirements of use。Since then, the Communist Party of China has its own radio station, and Li Qiang has also made historic contributions to the creation of radio communication under the leadership of the Party。

At the end of September 1929, the Central Government sent Li Qiang to Hong Kong to establish a radio station, and used Hong Kong as a transfer station for the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to contact radio stations in Jiangxi and other Soviet areas。In the spring of 1931, Zhou Enlai, Li Qiang and others sent people with a homemade 50-watt low-power radio from Shanghai to the Central Soviet Area, and through efforts, finally realized the direct contact between the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Soviet Area, ending the history of more than two months to exchange letters。

On April 24, 1931, Gu Shunzhang was arrested and rebelled。The Party Central Committee considered that Li Qiang and Gu Shunzhang were jointly responsible for organizing radio training courses and other work, and had more contact and exposure risks, so it was decided to send him to study at Moscow Oriental University in the Soviet Union。Shortly after his arrival in the Soviet Union, Li Qiang was assigned to the Communication Science Academy of the People's Committee of Posts and Telecommunications of the Soviet Union。Li Qiang made up his mind to study radio theory for the Party here。

Li Qiang is speaking at the Broadcasting Industry Bureau

During his stay in the Soviet Union, Li Qiang thoroughly studied the physical laws of electrons and electromagnetic waves in radio rhombohedral antennas by mathematical analysis. After more than a year's calculation, derivation and analysis, he published an English paper called "Sending Rhombohedral Antennas", which aroused the attention of the world radio community。In view of Li Qiang's research achievements, the Soviet Academy of Communication Sciences promoted him from an engineer to a researcher, calling him a radio expert。Li Qiang's argumentation method has since become known as the "Li Qiang formula" of radio.。 During the Anti-Japanese War, Li Qiang led the establishment of the first radio station of the Communist Party of China in Yan 'an - Yan 'an Xinhua Radio Station。It is thanks to Li Qiang's solid academic foundation that Xinhua Radio has always maintained good operation during the war and made contributions to the propaganda of the Party's revolutionary cause。Li Qiang is also known as the pioneer of New China's broadcasting industry。In 1955, due to his achievements in radio theory and practice, Li Qiang was elected as the first member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (renamed Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1993).。

Train "revolutionary generalists and business experts" for the Party

July 7th, 1937，The 500 kW high frequency radio waves from the Soviet Institute of Communications shocked Li Qiang: The Lugou Bridge incident occurred in Beijing, China!Li Qiang is eager to return，Thinking of returning home to support the cause of the Anti-Japanese War led by the Party，After some twists and turns，Li Qiang finally came to the revolutionary holy land of Yan 'an，He served as deputy director of the Military Industry Bureau of the Central Military Commission，He became director in 1941。

毛泽东为李强题词

On the Loess Plateau, he galloped on his horse and became the vivid silhouette of Li Qiang in his thirties。Li Qiang, who took off his suit and changed into a military suit, was full of enthusiasm and devoted himself to the military industry of the Party。Under his leadership, the Military Bureau created the "anonymous horse rifle", which became the first rifle manufactured by the people's ordnancemen, ending the history of the Arsenal only repairing and not building。From 1939 to 1943, in just four years, the Military Industry Bureau built firearms, artillery, ammunition, and achieved remarkable results。为此，毛泽东主席还亲笔题词“坚持到底——为李强同志书”。

In the work of the military Industry Bureau, Li Qiang fully respects talents and takes great care of intellectuals and technical cadres。Based on Li Qiang's multiple experience in technology, teaching and management, in June 1944, the Party Central Committee gave Li Qiang a new task - to serve as president of the Academy of Natural Sciences。

Founded in 1940 in Yan 'an, the Academy of Natural Sciences (the predecessor of Beijing Institute of Technology) is the first specialized institution to carry out natural science teaching and research in the history of the Communist Party of China, and the first university of science and technology founded by the Communist Party of China。Li Qiang is the fourth president after Li Fuchun, Xu Teli, and Chen Kangbai。As for Li Qiang, he began to train radio personnel when he was developing a secret radio station in Shanghai, and continued to work as a radio training instructor of the Communist International after he arrived in Moscow。It can be said that in Li Qiang's revolutionary career, he has been closely associated with teaching, and has his own unique views and thoughts on education。

Li Qiang (right) in Yan 'an

"When I was also the president of the Academy of Natural Sciences, I simply combined the academy and the factory, and took the path of combining scientific research and production practice。Li Qiang once recalled his claim when he was president of the Academy of Natural Sciences。Being in a special environment for a long time, Li Qiang has always advocated and practiced the combination of theory and practice, and his educational thought is concentrated as "closely combined with practice".。After Li Qiang took office as president, the school moved from Qiaoergou to Dabian Gou, which is also where the iron smelting Department of the Military Bureau is located, in order to facilitate students to do in learning and learn in doing。Li Qiang also often led technical experts to teach students, and offered courses in ordnance, blasting, iron making principles, technology metal science, drawing, explosives and explosives, etc., which were well received by students。

"By participating in the blast furnace test, you not only learn knowledge, but also solve the urgent need for the border area!"When the small blast furnace developed by the students of the Academy of Natural Sciences succeeded in refining fine quality gray pig iron, Li Qiang, who always paid attention to the development of iron blast furnaces, was happy and praised the students。

At that time, the mechanical students of the Academy of Natural Sciences took the development of a small blast furnace with a daily output of one ton as their summer internship goal。Under the scorching sun，Young students often surround the blast furnaces of the Yan 'an Military Industry Bureau，They listened to the teachers explain the lesson，Drawing drawings next to the blast furnace，The blast furnace and the blower all condense the wisdom and sweat of the students，The successful operation of this small blast furnace has not only become a representative of the scientific research of teachers and students，It also filled the blank of iron production in Yan 'an at that time。

In August 1945, with the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Party Central Committee decided to transfer the Academy of Natural Sciences to the Northeast and plan to establish a new type of university in the Northeast liberated area。Li Qiang could not go with the teachers and students because he wanted to stay in Yan 'an to continue his work。In more than a year, he has established deep feelings with the teachers and students. After preparing for the departure, Li Qiang shook hands with them and bade them farewell。

Time travel, back to Alma mater, 45 years past。On October 14, 1990, 85-year-old Li Qiang returned to his Alma mater again as honorary chairman of the school Board and participated in the 50th anniversary conference of the founding of Beijing Institute of Technology。He said, "Today, as the former president of the Yan 'an Academy of Natural Sciences, I return to my Alma mater。1940年，中国共产党在抗日战争最艰苦的关头创办了延安自然科学院，从而开创了中国共产党领导高等自然科学教育事业的先河，The proletariat has stepped out of the road of running a comprehensive university of higher science and technology by itself，It has written a glorious page in the history of Chinese education，I very much agree with Comrade Li Fuchun's proposal at the opening ceremony in 1940，We want to create "revolutionary generalists.，Business expert '。”

Li Qiang spoke at the seventh special session of the UN General Assembly

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Qiang, as the director of the General Administration of Telecommunications, assisted the Chinese economic delegation to successfully complete the Sino-Soviet foreign trade negotiations, and was highly praised by the central leadership。Soon after, in order to further strengthen the work of trade with the Soviet Union and obtain aid, Li Qiang, who is familiar with Russian, proficient in mechanical knowledge, good at leading the team, and experienced in solving problems, was appointed as the Vice Minister of Foreign Trade and the commercial counselor in the Soviet Union。This new "cross-border" opened his 29-year foreign trade career, which also made Li Qiang one of the few "academician ministers" in the history of New China.。

In his 91 years of life, Li Qiang has devoted more than 70 years to the cause of China's revolution, construction and reform. He has always insisted on loyalty and dedication to the Party and the people, braved difficulties and dared to pioneer and innovate, and stubbornly fought to the end。

In 1994, when Li Qiang, now in his 80s, summed up his life, he said: "Looking back on my journey, I have no regrets, because I have given everything to the Party。”