Speaking of Lego bricks, probably many people know that this world classic toy can be assembled into a variety of shapes using many building blocks。

　　But have you ever wondered whether the human body can also be assembled and copied with "building blocks"？The most basic cell units are turned into "building blocks" that are assembled to replicate human tissues and organs。This technology is no longer out of the question，It really happened on the campus of the Beijing Institute of Technology，It is the chairman of IEEE Tenth Field (Systems and control), foreign academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, professor of Beijing Institute of Technology Fukuda Mino who opens up this field of research，He "leads" his micro and nano robots，Remarkable achievements have been made in the path of benefiting human health，And keep exploring。

The scientific ideal starts with "catching microbes in a world of droplets.

Early on, Professor Toshio Fukuda and colleagues jointly developed piezoelectric ceramic driver technology for the manufacture of highly integrated micro and nano operating robots as technical reserves

　　One afternoon in 1984，Toshio Fukuda, a young scholar, was boating in the river，Some tiny creatures were spotted moving in the water，Out of curiosity，He took the water back to the lab，Look closely with a microscope，There are so many microorganisms in the small water droplets!Mr. Fukuda felt compelled to grab them with his hand，Yet such a tiny creature，It's impossible to get your hands on it。Since then, driven by curiosity, Fukuda has been thinking about how to grasp such a tiny creature, which has also become a source of inspiration for him to engage in micro and nano operating robots。

　　Since 1984，Toshio Fukuda has carried out extensive theoretical research on microbiological manipulation under the microscope，And gradually formed their own long-term research plan，The model for manipulating microorganisms under a microscope，Building the way the operating cell works，In turn, you can select high-quality cells，And use them as raw materials to build artificial tissues and organs。Let the reproduction of human tissues and organs, like the construction of houses under the microscopic scale, and eventually establish industrial production lines, large-scale production of artificial tissues and organs。With this dream in mind, Fukuda has opened up a new field of research on micro-nano robot biomedical operation for human organ reconstruction。

　　The ideal of science is inseparable from the basis of reality, Fukuda Toshio's plan must rely on micro and nano level advanced equipment to achieve, not only to "see" to the micro and nano scale, but also to "do" on the micro and nano scale, which is not a small challenge。To achieve "see"，High-precision electron microscopes are naturally preferred，Conventional light microscopes can only see the diameter of a single hair，An electron microscope can see one hundred-thousandth the diameter of a hair，But look at ordinary human cells, which are only one-tenth the diameter of a human hair，You have to manipulate individual cells，Even partial cutting, injection，Electron microscopy is indispensable。And the ability to "do.，The micronano operating system is installed in the electron microscope，But at the end of the last century，Electron microscope as high-end equipment，expensive，Not many，This is something that no one dares to think of doing，Not to mention the development of nanoscale scalpels, pliers, injection needles and other devices that can operate on cells at the micro and nano scales。Although faced with many difficulties and challenges, but Fukuda Toshio did not give up his dream, has been studying the power。

"Chisel" the expensive SEM and fit the robot into the microscope

　　Time came to 2000, with the rapid development of robotics, precision manufacturing, control science, Fukuda Toshio to realize the dream of the technical conditions gradually mature。2002年，Mr. Fukuda resisted the pressure，Daring to carry out a major revamp of the expensive scanning electron microscope (SEM)，He first built highly precise actuators based on piezoelectric ceramic drives into highly integrated operating robots，At the same time, advanced plasma etching technology is used to prepare nanoscale end-effectors，That is, nano-scalpels, nano-pliers, and so on，Finally, the two parts are integrated into a micro-nano manipulator，The SEM high vacuum sealed chamber is then chiseled，Load the robot system into it，Successfully realized the perfect combination of "seeing" and "doing" on the micro and nano scale。

The co-assembly process of microvessels under optical microscope

　　Thus, Fukuda Toshio pioneered the robotized operating system and method of biological targets under environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), thus ending the state that human beings can only see but cannot touch micro-nano scale living targets such as single cells。Based on the system，Professor Fukuda successively proposed the methods of cutting, parameter extraction and screening of living cells based on the "nanoindentation" operation theory，This also became the world's first robotized operating theory system of biological cells under electron microscopy，The study has received great attention from countries all over the world，In the Nanorobot Research Yearbook submitted by Sandia National Laboratories to the U.S. Department of Energy，Not only has Fukuda's research been extensively reported，He also called him "the world's most representative researcher in nanomanipulative robots."。Toshio Fukuda's research has also been repeatedly reported as the "world's smallest scalpel" by the media in various countries.。

At Beijing Institute of Technology, he uses robots to "assemble" human microvessels

　　Detection and selection of single cells，This is just the beginning of Fukuda's scientific dream，And how to use the selected high-quality cells according to the constitution of human tissues and organs for three-dimensional assembly，To construct artificial tissues and organs in the form of human intervention，Finally, it can be used in human tissue replacement，This feat for the benefit of mankind is his ultimate pursuit，The road to research is not only long but also challenging。

　　In the second decade of the 21st century, with his persistent pursuit of scientific dreams, Toshio Fukuda came to China and came to Beijing Institute of Technology。Facing the construction of world-class universities, Beijing Institute of Technology has long paid attention to the forefront of world science and technology, fully affirmed Fukuda Toshio's research, and was full of confidence in his dream。With sincerity and respect, BTECH sincerely invites Toshio Fukuda to continue his research work in China。After careful consideration, he was impressed by the characteristics and strength of the school and the sincerity of seeking talents。In June 2013, Fukuda joined the Beijing Institute of Technology as a full professor。

　　The introduction of talents is to enable talents to realize their dreams and bear fruit in the fertile soil of Beitech。In order to help Fukuda Toshio quickly carry out scientific research work, the Beijing Institute of Technology integrated school resources, overcame difficulties, and provided a strong guarantee for Fukuda Toshio in terms of personnel, venues, equipment and funds。In the case of the shortage of scientific research sites, the school quickly equipped Fukuda with 150 square meters of experimental rooms, and provided 5 million yuan of start-up funds for laboratory construction。After that, the school also provided support for five doctoral students from Fukuda's team to go overseas to study in world-class universities for one year。All kinds of powerful measures, in a short period of time, to help Fukuda Toshio set up a high-level, international vision of scientific research team, Fukuda Toshio "cell assembly, reconstituted organs" dream in the North of science and technology。

　　Like building a house with Lego bricks, the first thing you need is a "block unit" that you can assemble.。Therefore, the first step in "assembling" tissue organs also requires packaging the cells obtained through screening into miniature "cell building blocks", commonly known as "cell scaffold".。For individual cells, scaffolders are the basis for wrapping host cells and can regulate the local biochemistry, biomechanics, and mass transport microenvironment to promote cell viability and function。And on a larger scale，To "assemble" living tissue on a centimeter scale，Even whole human organs，It must be achieved by geometric assembly of the bracket，And scaffolds not only allow cells to "assemble" like natural tissue structures，The "service" cells are also proliferated in an optimal organizational form，It is the key basis of in vitro organ reconstruction。

　　Although the truth of "cell assembly" is not difficult to understand, the change of force makes the micro and macro show two completely different worlds。Gravity will lose its effectiveness in the microscopic world, while various microscopic forces, such as van der Waals force, electrostatic force and adhesion force, etc., "appear on the stage", which makes the snatch, release, arrangement and other actions that seem very simple in the macroscopic world, and become very difficult to operate on the micro and nano scale of the "cell scaffold"。Therefore, how to realize the dexterous operation of tiny "cell building blocks" in the microscopic liquid environment is a common challenge in the field of micro-nano scale robot operation and tissue medical engineering。

After Fukuda came to Beijing Institute of Technology, he built the first micro-nano robot cooperative operating system based on macro and micro hybrid drive and high-speed microscopic vision

　　To overcome this problem，Toshio Fukuda at the Beijing Institute of Technology proposed the application theory of micro-nano manipulators in human microtissue reconstruction，The cellular microassembly is used as the assembly unit，Through collaborative micro-assembly of multi-robots across scales，Achieve in vitro imitation of functional human tissues and organs，A set of micro-nano robot cooperative operating system based on macro-micro hybrid drive and high-speed micro-vision is built，Integrated with the assembly strategy database through cross-scale movement，The automatic operation and efficient three-dimensional assembly of two-dimensional cell microassembly units are realized，Operating accuracy up to 30 nm。With this advanced system, the team achieved in vitro construction of 200 micron diameter artificial microvessels based on micro-nano robotic biological manipulation for the first time in the world。Toshio Fukuda has provided a new method for the construction of advanced robot technology for biomedical and extreme manufacturing and precision artificial organs for regenerative medicine, and the robot system developed by him has also been reported by CCTV and other media as a representative of China's advanced medical diagnosis and treatment robots.Series Transactions, ACS Applied Materials & He has published 22 SCI papers in renowned international journals such as Interfaces, and won 7 excellent papers/nomination awards in famous international conferences in the field of robotics such as IEEE ICRA。Fukuda won the Chinese Government's Friendship Award in 2014 for his outstanding work at Beitech, and was elected a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2017。

To realize tissue reengineering, the dream of science continues

　　Prolonging human life and keeping people young is one of the ultimate dreams of mankind, which is also Fukuda Toshio's scientific dream, in his plan, after completing the separation and screening of cells, it is necessary to achieve the "assembly" of human tissues with robot biological manufacturing methods。

　　However, the "assembly" of human tissues seems simple in principle, but in practice it is difficult, full of many unknown challenges, among which the absorption of nutrients during the growth of human tissues is a difficulty。Real human tissues are filled with blood vessel networks of different sizes. As the basic unit of human tissues, microvessels are the only channel for transporting nutrients to cells。However, due to the principle of molecular diffusion, cells can only absorb nutrients from their surroundings within 200 microns, so the human microvascular network spacing and blood vessel diameter are mostly at this scale。At present, because it is impossible to prepare the microvascular network that supplies nutrients, the research and development of simple two-dimensional layered artificial skin tissue and inactive artificial bone replacement materials are relatively common in the field of human tissue and organ reconstruction。

The research method of artificial tissue manufacturing with specific biological functions including liver lobules is realized by micro-nano robot technology

　　Artificial microvessels are a necessary condition for building complex three-dimensional artificial tissues and making them have biological functions. Fukuda broke through the robotization construction of microvessels, which laid a solid foundation for his further research on more complex human tissue reconstruction, including tendons and nerves。At present, Fukuda's research in Beijing Institute of Technology has gradually extended to the robotized construction of artificial tissues with special biological functions such as nerve tissue and liver tissue。In the near future, if the construction of functional artificial tissues can be realized, and it can be quantitatively evaluated from the perspective of medicine and biology, then the regeneration of human organs will be close at hand。

　　In recognition of Fukuda's outstanding achievements in the convergence of robotics, nanotechnology, and biomedical engineering, he was elected President of the IEEE 10th Field (Systems and Control) of the International Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 2015。As the world's largest non-profit professional technical society and one of the world's most influential international academic organizations, IEEE was elected as the chairman of its sub-field, which also means that it is recognized by the academic science and technology community as the most authoritative scientist in the field in the world。It is worth mentioning that Fukuda Toshio, a professor at the Beijing Institute of Technology, is also one of the most popular candidates for the next IEEE President。

Attached are the steps of 2019 IEEE General President voting:

1, click on the website:http://services10.ieee.org/idp/startSSO.ping?PartnerSpId=AnnualElection；

2. Login with IEEE account and password;

3. Click Go to Ballot;

4. At IEEE President-Elect, 2019, check Toshio Fukuda;

5, follow the steps to confirm。

 Voting date: 2018.8.15~2018.10.01